Climate Elements impact on the concentrations of Air pollutants emitted from Gas stations in the Fallujah City- Al-Anbar province-West Iraq

Abstract

The research investigates the influence of climatic elements like temperatures, wind direction, and speed on air pollutant concentrations in gas stations in Fallujah city, examining their impact on humans and the environment by measured concentrations of (CO, NO₂, and CH4), Suspended Particles (TSP, PM10), and (Cu, Pb), increased in July compared to January, because of the influence of the measured climatic elements. Rising temperatures increase air pollutants' concentrations in the atmosphere, while winds spread them from emission sites to distant locations. Funding that summer temperatures significantly impacted air pollutant concentrations at study stations, particularly at Al-Rehab gas station, with the highest readings recorded at 54.4°C. Some gas stations also exceeded local environmental limits for TSP, PM10, CO, NO₂, and Pb. The study revealed that summer temperatures with wind speeds of 2.1 m/s resulted in the highest air pollutants values, while winter temperatures with wind speeds of 1.9 m/s decreased these values. Higher temperatures increase chemical reactions and temperature inversions, leading to increased pollution concentrations and exacerbating air quality problems in study areas. Strong winds disperse pollutants, reducing concentration in a study region, while low wind speed increases concentrations and stagnation, resulting in poor air quality in measure sites.